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The Warsaw Ghetto ((ドイツ語:Warschauer Ghetto), called by the German authorities: „Jüdischer Wohnbezirk in Warschau“ (Jewish residential district in Warsaw); (ポーランド語:getto warszawskie)) was the largest of all the Jewish ghettos in Nazi-occupied Europe during World War II. It was established in the Polish capital between October and November 16, 1940, in the territory of the General Government of German-occupied Poland, with over 400,000 Jews from the vicinity residing in an area of . From there, at least 254,000 Ghetto residents were sent to the Treblinka extermination camp over the course of two months in the summer of 1942. The death toll among the Jewish inhabitants of the Ghetto, between deportations to extermination camps, ''Großaktion Warschau'', the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising, and the subsequent razing of the ghetto, is estimated to be at least 300,000.〔〔〔〔 == Creation == The construction of the ghetto wall started on April 1, 1940.〔''Adama Czerniakowa dziennik getta warszawskiego 6 IX 1939 – 23 VII 1942'', Opracowanie i przypisy Marian Fuks, Państwowe Wydawnictwo Naukowe, Warszawa 1983, p. 101〕 The Warsaw Ghetto was established by the German Governor-General Hans Frank on October 16, 1940 in an area of Warsaw primarily occupied by Polish Jews. Frank ordered all Jews in Warsaw and its suburbs rounded up and herded into the Ghetto. At this time, the population in the Ghetto was estimated to be 400,000 people, about 30% of the population of Warsaw;〔("Warsaw Ghetto Uprising" ), United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. Last Updated: May 20, 2008.〕 however, the area of the Ghetto was only about 2.4% of that of Warsaw.〔 The Germans closed the Warsaw Ghetto to the outside world on November 16, 1940. The wall was typically high and topped with barbed wire. Escapees could be shot on sight. The borders of the ghetto changed many times during the next years. The ghetto was divided by Chłodna Street, which due to its importance (as one of Warsaw's major east-west arteries) was excluded from it. The area south of Chłodna was known as the “Small Ghetto”, while the area north of this street was the “Large Ghetto”. Those two parts were connected by Żelazna Street, and a special gate was built at its intersection with Chłodna Street. In January 1942, the gate was closed and a wooden footbridge was built in its place, which after the war became one of the symbols of the Holocaust.〔http://www.johndclare.net/Nazi_Germany3_WarsawGhetto.htm〕 The first commissioner of the Warsaw ghetto was his chief organizer SA-Standartenführer Waldemar Schön. He was succeeded in May 1941 by Heinz Auerswald. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Warsaw Ghetto」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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